📢 Dars №10: Past Simple - “Was” va “Were”

💬 Kirish:

Ushbu darsda biz Past Simple zamonida To be fe’lining shakllari — was va were haqida o‘rganamiz. Ushbu shakllar o‘tgan zamondagi holatlarni ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi. Masalan, kimdir qayerda bo‘lganini, qanday holatda bo‘lganini yoki qanday his qilganini ifodalashda ishlatiladi. Ushbu mavzu kundalik hayotda o‘tgan zamonda gapirishni osonlashtiradi.

🗃️ So‘z va ifodalar:

Inglizcha	O‘zbekcha	Izohlar
was	edi	Birlik uchun ishlatiladi (I, he, she, it)
were	edilar	Ko‘plik uchun ishlatiladi (we, you, they)
afraid	qo‘rqmoq	His-tuyg‘uni ifodalaydi
rainy	yomg‘irli	Ob-havo haqida
tired	charchagan	Holatni ifodalaydi
journey	sayohat	Harakat yoki safar
comfortable	qulay	Tavsif uchun ishlatiladi

📚 Mavzuning batafsil tushuntirishi:

1. Was va Were:

To be fe’lining o‘tgan zamondagi shakllari was va were bo‘lib, ular ega (subject)ga qarab ishlatiladi.

Was – birlikdagi otlar va olmoshlar bilan ishlatiladi:
- I, he, she, it uchun ishlatiladi.
- Misollar:
  - I was happy. (Men baxtli edim.)
  - She was at school. (U maktabda edi.)
  - It was rainy yesterday. (Kecha yomg‘irli edi.)
Were – ko‘plikdagi otlar va olmoshlar bilan ishlatiladi:
- We, you, they uchun ishlatiladi.
- Misollar:
  - We were hungry. (Biz och edik.)
  - They were at home. (Ular uyda edilar.)
  - You were late. (Siz kechikdingiz.)

2. Inkor shakli:

O‘tgan zamonda inkor shaklini yasash uchun was not yoki were not ishlatiladi.

Was not = wasn’t (qisqartma shakli)
Were not = weren’t (qisqartma shakli)

Misollar:

I wasn’t at home yesterday. (Men kecha uyda emas edim.)
She wasn’t happy. (U baxtli emas edi.)
They weren’t tired after the trip. (Ular sayohatdan keyin charchamagan edilar.)
We weren’t at the party. (Biz kechada emas edik.)

3. Savol shakli:

Savol shaklini yasash uchun was yoki were gap boshiga chiqadi.

Was – birlik uchun:
- Was he at school yesterday? (U kecha maktabda edi-mi?)
- Was it cold last night? (Kecha sovuq edi-mi?)
Were – ko‘plik uchun:
- Were they happy? (Ular baxtli edilar-mi?)
- Were you at the meeting? (Siz yig‘ilishda edingizmi?)

Misollar:

Was the weather good? (Ob-havo yaxshi edimi?)
Were you at the library? (Siz kutubxonada edingizmi?)

4. Amaldagi qoida:

Hozirgi zamon (Present Simple) va o‘tgan zamon (Past Simple) o‘rtasidagi farqni tushunish uchun quyidagi jadvalga e’tibor bering:

Hozirgi zamon (Present)	O‘tgan zamon (Past)
I am a teacher.	I was a pupil.
She is at home.	She was at school.
We are tired.	We were tired.
They aren’t here.	They weren’t here.

🌟 Amaliy misollar va namunalar:

Last year Rustam was 30, he is 31 now.

(O‘tgan yili Rustam 30 yoshda edi, hozir u 31 yoshda.)
I was a pupil at school when I was 7, but now I am an English teacher.

(Men 7 yoshimda maktab o‘quvchisi edim, lekin hozir ingliz tili o‘qituvchisiman.)
When I was a child, I was afraid of dogs but now I am not.

(Men bolaligimda itlardan qo‘rqardim, lekin hozir qo‘rqmayman.)
We were hungry after the journey but we weren’t tired.

(Biz sayohatdan keyin och edik, lekin charchamagan edik.)
The hotel was comfortable but it wasn’t expensive.

(Mehmonxona qulay edi, lekin qimmat emas edi.)

📖 Hikoya:

A Trip to Istanbul

Two years ago, I was in Istanbul for a vacation. The city was beautiful and full of history. The weather was sunny on the first day, but it wasn’t good the next day. It was rainy and cold.

My hotel was comfortable, and it wasn’t expensive. I was happy with the service. Every day, I visited new places. The museums were amazing, and the food was delicious.

One day, I met a local guide. He was very friendly and helpful. He showed me around the city and told me about its history. At the end of the trip, I was sad to leave Istanbul, but I was also excited to return home.

💡 Hikoyaning grammatik tahlili:

1. “Two years ago, I was in Istanbul for a vacation.”

Was bu yerda I uchun ishlatilgan, chunki bu birlikdagi ega.
“Two years ago” vaqt ko‘rsatkichi o‘tgan zamonni bildiradi.

2. “The weather was sunny on the first day, but it wasn’t good the next day.”

Was ob-havoni ifodalash uchun ishlatilgan.
Wasn’t esa inkor shakli bo‘lib, ob-havo yaxshi bo‘lmaganini bildiradi.

3. “The museums were amazing, and the food was delicious.”

Were ko‘plikdagi museums (muzeylar) uchun ishlatilgan.
Was esa birlikdagi food (ovqat) uchun ishlatilgan.

4. “He was very friendly and helpful.”

Was bu yerda he uchun ishlatilgan, chunki bu birlikdagi ega.

5. “I was sad to leave Istanbul, but I was also excited to return home.”

Bu jumlada ikki marta was ishlatilgan, chunki ikkala holat ham o‘tgan zamonda sodir bo‘lgan.

🧑🏻‍🏫 O‘quvchilar uchun mashqlar:

✍🏻 Bo‘sh joylarni to‘ldiring:

I ______ (was/were) at the park yesterday.
They ______ (was/were) happy after the party.
She ______ (was/weren’t) at home last night.
We ______ (was/were) tired after the trip.
The weather ______ (was/weren’t) good last week.

🔄 Tarjima qiling:

Ular kecha maktabda edilar.
Men 10 yoshimda futbol o‘ynardim.
Mehmonxona qulay edi, lekin qimmat emas edi.
Ob-havo kecha yaxshi edi.
Biz sayohatdan keyin och edik, lekin charchamagan edik.

📝 Jumlalar tuzing:

(I / was / in Tashkent / last week)
(They / weren’t / at the meeting / yesterday)
(She / was / happy / after the exam)
(We / were / tired / after the journey)
(The hotel / was / comfortable / and clean)

🏠 Mustaqil ish (Uyga topshiriq):

Was va were ishlatilgan 5 ta gap yozing.
Quyidagi jumlalarni inkor shaklida yozing:
- I was at school yesterday.
- They were in the park.
Quyidagi jumlalarni savol shaklida yozing:
- She was happy after the trip.
- We were tired after the journey.

✨ Darsning qisqacha xulosasi:

Bugungi darsda biz Past Simple zamonida To be fe’lining shakllari — was va were haqida o‘rgandik. Was birlikdagi otlar va olmoshlar bilan, were esa ko‘plikdagi otlar va olmoshlar bilan ishlatiladi. Shuningdek, inkor va savol shakllarini to‘g‘ri ishlatishni o‘rgandik. Ushbu bilimlar orqali siz o‘tgan zamondagi voqealarni ifodalashni o‘rganasiz.